"Old Carolina IV" is a recon/artillery spotting aircraft with the US's "12th Aero Squadron". I believe it is the Salmson, not the earlier "AR", although perhaps someone here can correct me. Notice the vulture riding an artillery shell, a strong hint as to the squadron's primary mission: directing the big guns accurately.
Primary instrument for doing so was "wireless telegraph", a radio transmitter which could only deliver Morse Code messages to the gun crews; when antennae were shot away or other malfunctions occurred, the backup plan was to actually drop written messages - an exceedingly awkward method! The gunner-observer was responsible for transmitting the fire corrections; in a Wings of War/Glory scenario, accomplishing this mission would certainly preoccupy the gunner/observer - he can't defend the plane and do his artillery spotting job simultaneously...
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